Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics

PECAM-1 GENE POLYMORPHISM (rs668) AND SUBCLINICAL MARKERS OF CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Popović D, Nikolajević Starčević J, Šantl Letonja M, Makuc J, Cokan Vujkovac A, Reschner H, Bregar D, Petrovič D
*Corresponding Author: Professor Daniel Petrovič, M.D., Ph.D., Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine University Ljubljana, Korytkova 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. Tel: +386-1-543-7367. Fax: +386-1-543-7361. E-mail: daniel.petrovic@mf.uni-lj.si
page: 63

RESULTS

The clinical characteristics of subjects with T2DM and control subjects are shown in Table 1. Patients with T2DM had a greater waist circumference and there were more smokers compared to the control group. There were no statistically significant differences between patients with T2DM and controls in other clinical characteristics [age, body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic pressure]. A biochemical examination of patients with T2DM showed statistically significant higher levels of fasting glucose, Hb A1c, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglyceride and hsCRP compared with the control group (Table 1). Moreover, higher CIMT was found in patients with T2DM in comparison with subjects without T2DM (Table 1). The ultrasound examination of the carotid artery was performed at the time of enrollment in the study, and 3.8 ± 0.5 years after the initial examination. Changes in the progression of atherosclerotic markers (change in annual CIMT increase, change in the number of plaque segments and change in the sum of the plaque thickness) between subjects with T2DM and the control group are shown in Table 2. Statistically significantly faster progression of the atherosclerotic markers was shown in subjects with T2DM in comparison with the control group (Table 2). The distribution of genotypes in the population of patients with T2DM was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (T2DM: χ2 = 0.45; p = 0.50; control group: χ2 = 1.46; p = 0.23). Table 3 outlines differences in the ultrasound markers of carotid artery atherosclerosis (initial ultrasound examination) in patients with T2DM with regard to the rs668 genotypes. The differences were not statistically significant with regard to rs668 genotypes (Table 3). We did not demonstrate statistically significant differences in the markers of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis between different genotypes in subjects with T2DM (Table 4). Table 5 shows the relation between the rs668 and the incidence of either plaques or unstable plaques in subjects with T2DM. When adjusted to other risk factors, the rs668 GG genotype was associated with an increased risk of carotid plaques in subjects with T2DM (Table 5).

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