Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics

ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN VARIATIONS IN TPH1, TPH2 AND SLC6A4 GENES AND POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION: A STUDY IN THE JORDANIAN POPULATION
Khabour OF1, Amarneh BH2, Bani Hani EA3, Lataifeh IM4
*Corresponding Author: Dr. Omar F. Khabour, Associate Professor of Molecular Genetics, Department of Medical Laboratory, Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; Tel.: +962-2-720-1000 ext. 23784; Fax: +962-2-720-1087; E-mail: khabour@just.edu.jo
page: 41

RESULTS

This study included 370 postpartum women aged between 17 to 45 years old. Almost all the women were married (99.5%), more than half of them (62.2%) were aged less than or equal to 30 years, and about 80.0% had completed their education with at least a high school certificate. The majority of women were homemakers (86.6%) and most were not satisfied with their income adequacy (74.1%). Demographic variables are shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3. About 35.0% of postpartum women scored 13 or higher on the EPDS, thus a considerable fraction of the participating women had PPD, of whom 29.2% had a previous history of depression. Several psychosocial variables were examined for their association with PPD including: marital status, depression history and living status, whether with husband and children only or in the household of their husband’s family. Among these factors, only the history of depression was found to be highly significantly associated with PPD (p <0.001, Table 1). However, divorced women were only found within the depressed women group (two cases), thus, marital status may be correlated to PPD but was only marginally significant (p value = 0.054). Among the examined intra-partum variables, only the presence of maternal health problems (hypertension, hypo/ hyperglycemia, bleeding, edema, problems in thyroid secretion and others) was associated with PPD (p <0.05, Table 2). With respect to socio-demographic variables, income satisfaction was significantly related to PPD (p <0.05). Other socio-demographic variables including maternal age, educational level, and employment status were not associated with PPD (Table 3). The genotype and allele frequencies of the SLC6A4 (L/S) and TPH1 polymorphisms are shown in Table 4. All genotypes of both polymorphisms were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The distribution of both S and L alleles of the SLC6A4 (L/S) polymorphism is similar, and both are common among Jordanian women (about 51.0 and 49.0%, respectively). With respect to the TPH1 polymorphism, allele C is more common than allele A (63.0 and 37.0%, respectively). There was no significant association between the genotypes of either SLC6A4 (L/S) or TPH1 polymor-phisms and PPD in the studied population (p >0.05, Table 4). Similarly, allele frequencies of the examined variations were not related to PPD (p >0.05, Table 4). Regarding TPH2 polymorphism, the A allele was not detected in the investigated population, and therefore no analysis was performed.

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