Lung cancer is the consequence of the accumulation of multiple somatic genetic changes (10-20 mutations) in­volving critical genes whose protein products control cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. These genes include proto-oncogenes which are positive growth regula­tors, tumor suppressor genes (TSG) which are negative growth regulators, and genes involved in apoptotic control. More generalized changes consist of chromosomal rear­rangements, microsatellite instability, deregulated expres­sion of telomerase and angiogenesis.

      Development of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a complex process that involves a number of TSG and proto-oncogenes. The aim of this review is to make you acquainted with some of the recent findings of the genetic aberrations in lung cancer and their role in the process of carcinogenesis.