HIGH INCIDENCE OF CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM
IN ONE REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA
Anastasovska V, Koviloska R, Kocova M,
*Corresponding Author: Professor Dr. Mirjana Kocova, University Clinic of Pediatrics, Vodnjanska 17, 1000 Skopje,
Republic of Macedonia. Tel.: +389(0)2-3123-224. Fax: +389(0)2-3111-713. E-mail: mirjanakocova@ yahoo.com
page: 31
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Abstract
Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most
common preventable cause of mental retardation
in children. Diagnosis is difficult at birth without
neonatal screening. Neonatal thyroid screening was
established in Prilep, Republic of Macedonia as an
integral part of the nationwide screening program. To
estimate the prevalence of CH in this region, neonatal
thyroid screening was performed on 9757 newborns,
during the period 2002-2011. The DELFIA method
was applied to measure the thyroid-stimulating hormone
(TSH) concentration in dried blood spot samples
on standard filter paper taken 48 hours after birth
by heel-stick. The TSH cut-off level was 10 mU/L.
The neonatal thyroid screening coverage was
93.4%. Eight newborns with CH were detected,
with an incidence of 1:1220 live births, significantly
higher compared to the nationwide results 1:2602.
The TSH level was not significantly dependent on
the gender of the newborn. There was a statistically
significant difference between the TSH level and the
timing of newborn screening sampling (p <0.05) and
between the TSH level and the newborn birth weight
(p = 0.01). One point ninety-two percent of newborns
with TSH levels above 5 mU/L indicated an iodine
sufficiency in Prilep. The incidence of CH in Prilep,
which is higher when compared with that reported
in surrounding countries, might be a consequence
of the higher percentage of the Romany population
in this region. Further analysis of this population in
other regions is warranted.
Keywords: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH);
Neonatal thyroid screening; Thyroid-stimulating
hormone (TSH).
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