Medicine is entering a new era of global approaches in scientific techniques. These approaches, named –omics represents a global, systematic and comprehensive way for identifying and describing the processes and pathways involved in normal as well as abnormal states. Omics are global methodologies to characterization of all, or most members belonging to a certain family of molecules, in one single analysis. It is characterized by high-throughput or large-scale experimental methodologies combined with statistical and computational analyses of the results. The fundamental strategy of omics approach is aimed to expand the scope of biological investigation from studying single entities (genes/proteins) to studying all possible parameters collectively in a coordinated and systematic fashion. In general, these studies have emphasized the potential of technology for biomarker discovery, as well as for addressing the issue of cancer heterogeneity, new classification, early diagnosis and new therapeutic targets. Two important omics approaches – transcriptomics and proteomics have become a powerful tools for deciphering the complex signaling pathways in tumor biology. Cancer proteomics have already identified proteins of potential clinical interest. There are two major foci for the use of omics in oncology. The first is to discover new molecular markers for the profiling of tumors and the second is to decipher pathways that lead to cancer cell development. Such data are beginning to provide a knowledge base for the identification of possible therapies for the disease and subsequent development of innovative strategies. Unquestionably, cancer is the disease that has received most attention and the generated data address mainly aspects of clinical oncology. However, functional genomic methods are new and highly dependent on bioinformatics and statistics, which require additional improvement, since the meaning and importance of the results derived from such large-scale experiments are not widely appreciated. The goal of my presentation is to discuss the possible applications of these technologies in oncology, since they already have great impact on the management of cancer: in the discovery of new drug targets, development of new molecular tools for diagnosis and prognosis as well as in improving treatments by taking into account the molecular characteristics of a given tumor. Practical consequences for treatment derived from a better understanding of the molecular basis of cancer cell growth are now emerging, as evidenced by the development of therapeutic strategies. One of the most exciting challenges today is to move cancer omics from the “benchside” to the “bedside”.