Text: The interleukin-1beta (IL1β) gene and the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) gene are suggested to play a role in the development of rhinosinusitis. Rhinosinusitis is one of the most off-recurring illnesses in otorhinolaringology. We studied the IL1RN VNTR polymorphism in 2 introne, IL1β -511C>T polymorphism in promoter and IL1β 3953C>T polymorphism in 5 exon in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). DNA from 62 patients with CRS (diagnosed as having ICD-10 (1994) and 82 control subjects from Bashkortostan (Russia) were genotyped using PCR and subsequent enzyme digestion. A significant differences were observed in IL1β 3953C>T polymorphism genotype (chi2 = 5.30; p = 0.039) and allele (chi2 = 5.11; p = 0.047) frequencies between patients and control subjects. The IL1B *C/*C genotype was more frequent in the patients compared with controls (chi2 = 4.29; p = 0.039; df = 1; OR = 2.16; CI 95% 1.04 - 4.52). Allelic and genotypic frequencies of IL1RN VNTR polymorphism (chi2 = 2.09; p = 0.617; chi2 = 4.69; p = 0.461 respectively) and IL1β -511C>T polymorphism (chi2 = 0.04; p = 0.892; chi2 = 0.52; p = 0.799 respectively) did not differ between patients and control subjects. These polymorphisms are unlikely to be risk factors for CRS in our sample.